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1.
Nutr Hosp ; 37(2): 403-407, 2020 Apr 16.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32124618

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Aim: to communicate home parenteral nutrition (HPN) data obtained from the HPN registry of the NADYA-SENPE group (www.nadya-senpe.com) for the year 2018 Material and methods: descriptive analysis of the data collected from adult and pediatric patients with HPN in the NADYA-SENPE group registry from January 1st, 2018 to December 31st, 2018. Results: there were 278 patients from 45 Spanish hospitals (54.7% women), 23 children and 255 adults, which represent a prevalence rate of 5.95 patients/million inhabitants/year 2018. The most frequent diagnosis in adults was "palliative cancer" (22.0%), followed by "others". In children it was Hirschsprung's disease together with necrotizing enterocolitis, with four cases (17.4%). The first indication was short bowel syndrome in both children (60.9%) and adults (35.7%). The most frequently used type of catheter was tunneled in both children (81.0%) and adults (41.1%). Ending 75 episodes, the most frequent cause was death (52.0%) and change to oral feeding (33.3%). Conclusions: the number of centers and collaborating professionals in the registry of patients receiving HPN remains stable, as well as the main indications and reasons for termination of HPN.


INTRODUCCIÓN: Objetivo: comunicar los datos de nutrición parenteral domiciliaria (NPD) obtenidos del registro del grupo NADYA-SENPE (www.nadya-senpe.com) del año 2018. Material y métodos: análisis descriptivo de los datos recogidos de pacientes adultos y pediátricos con NPD en el registro NADYA-SENPE del 1 de enero al 31 de diciembre de 2018. Resultados: se registraron 278 pacientes (54,7% mujeres), 23 niños y 255 adultos, procedentes de 45 hospitales españoles, lo que representa una tasa de prevalencia de 5,95 pacientes/millón de habitantes/año 2018. El diagnóstico más frecuente en adultos fue "oncológico paliativo" (22,0%), seguido de "otros". En niños fue la enfermedad de Hirschsprung junto con la enterocolitis necrotizante, con cuatro casos (17,4%). El primer motivo de indicación fue síndrome de intestino corto tanto en niños (60,9%) como en adultos (35,7%). El tipo de catéter más utilizado fue el tunelizado tanto en niños (81,0%) como en adultos (41,1%). Finalizaron 75 episodios, la causa más frecuente fue el fallecimiento (52,0%) y el paso a vía oral (33,3%). Conclusiones: el número de centros y profesionales colaboradores en el registro de pacientes que reciben NPD se mantiene estable, así como las principales indicaciones y los motivos de finalización de la NPD.


Assuntos
Nutrição Parenteral no Domicílio/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto , Criança , Enterocolite Necrosante/terapia , Feminino , Doença de Hirschsprung/terapia , Hospitais , Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias/terapia , Espanha
2.
Nutr Hosp ; 36(1): 233-237, 2019 Mar 07.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30834770

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Objective: to present the results of the Spanish home enteral nutrition (HEN) registry of the NADYA-SENPE group for the year 2016 and 2017. Material and methods: from January 1st 2016 to December 31st 2017, the HEN registry was recorded and afterwards a further descriptive and analytical analysis was done. Results: in 2016, 4,578 active patients were recorded and prevalence was 98.33 patients per one million inhabitants; in 2017, 4,777 patients were recorded, with a prevalence of 102.57 per one million inhabitants; 50.8% were males in 2016 and 50.5% in 2017. During the period 2016-17, median age was 71.5 years (IIQ 57-83), 1,558 HEN episodes were finished and the main cause was death (793 patients, 50.89%). Adult males were younger than females (65.3 vs. 73.3 years, p-value < 0.001). The most frequent diagnosis was the neurological disorder that presents with aphagia or severe dysphagia (59%). Nasogastric tube was the most frequent administration route (48.3%) and it is the most widely used in elderly patients (p < 0.001). One hundred and twenty-six pediatric patients were registered (57.1% females). Median age at the beginning of HEN in children was four months. "Other disorders" was the most recorded diagnostic group (41.3%), followed by the group of neurological disorder that presents with aphagia or severe dysphagia. Regarding children, 57.6% were fed through gastrostomy and the younger ones were fed through nasogastric tube (p-value 0.001). Conclusions: the number of patients in the registry, as well as the number of participating centers, is progressively increasing. The main characteristics of the patients have not changed. Despite the increase in diagnostic possibilities in the pediatric population, the classification within the group of "Other pathologies" is quite significant.


INTRODUCCIÓN: Objetivo: exponer los resultados del registro de nutrición enteral domiciliaria (NED) de los años 2016 y 2017 del Grupo NADYA-SENPE. Material y métodos: se recopilaron los pacientes introducidos en el registro del 1 de enero al 31 de diciembre de 2016 y la mismas fechas de 2017 para proceder al análisis descriptivo y analítico de los datos. Resultados: en el año 2016 se obtuvieron 4.578 pacientes activos (prevalencia = 98,33 pacientes/millón de habitantes) y en 2017 fueron 4.777 (prevalencia = 102,57). Por sexos, hubo un 50,8% de varones en 2016 y un 50,5% en 2017. En el periodo 2016-17, la edad mediana fue de 71,5 años (IIQ 57-83); asimismo, finalizaron 1.558 episodios de NED y la causa principal fue el fallecimiento (793 pacientes, 50,89%). Los varones adultos fueron más jóvenes que las mujeres (65,3 vs. 73,3 años, p-valor < 0,001) y el diagnóstico más frecuente fue la enfermedad neurológica que cursa con afagia o disfagia severa (59%). La sonda nasogástrica (SNG) fue la vía de acceso más utilizada (48,3%) y se observa, además, que esta es la vía que se utiliza en los pacientes más ancianos (p < 0,001). Se registraron 126 pacientes pediátricos (57,1% niñas). La edad mediana de inicio de la NED fue de cuatro meses. Otras patologías fue el grupo diagnóstico más registrado (41,3%), seguido por la enfermedad neurológica que cursa con afagia o disfagia severa. Se alimentaban a través de gastrostomía en el 57,6% de los casos. Se observó que los niños más pequeños eran los que se alimentaban preferentemente por SNG (p-valor 0,001). Conclusiones: el número de pacientes del registro, así como el número de centros participantes, se va incrementando progresivamente. Las principales características de los pacientes no han variado. A pesar del aumento de posibilidades diagnósticas en la población pediátrica, llama la atención la clasificación dentro del grupo de Otras patologías.


Assuntos
Nutrição Enteral/estatística & dados numéricos , Nutrição Parenteral no Domicílio/estatística & dados numéricos , Sistema de Registros , Adolescente , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Nutrição Enteral/tendências , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Nutrição Parenteral no Domicílio/tendências , Fatores Sexuais , Espanha/epidemiologia , Adulto Jovem
3.
Nutr Hosp ; 34(5): 1390-1398, 2017 Sep 14.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29280656

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The main objective has been to evaluate and quantify the prevalence of malnutrition at admission, the degree of severity and the correlation with the nutritional parameters in a basic general hospital of the first level. METHODS: Observational, transverse, and randomized study of 244 patients (59.8% male and 40.2% female) performed during the first 24 hours of hospital admission and with a nutritional assessment including nutritional screening (CONUT®), anthropometric parameters, other analytical parameters and a quantification of hospital stay. RESULTS: In this study, 60.7% of the sample has at least one criterion of malnutrition (anthropometric and/or analytical). When considering at least two altered nutritional parameters (one of them analytical type), the prevalence was 29.1%. Prealbumin and transferrin have been shown to be particularly sensitive to moderate to severe and mild malnutrition, respectively. CONUT® has detected nutritional risk of a mild nature in 39.8%. Malnourished patients have a longer stay, and are statistically significant in oncological versusnon-oncological patients. CONCLUSIONS: Anthropometric parameters, on their own, can generate some degree of controversy over the prevalence of malnutrition, so it is considered as appropriate to use two parameters, at least one of an analytical type. Prealbumin is the most sensitive and specific indicator, and CONUT® is an easy, quick and economical tool for nutritional screening. In order to greatly alleviate malnutrition at hospital admission, the objective of the study, it would be wise to strengthen its screening and treatment from Primary Health Care.


Assuntos
Renda , Desnutrição/epidemiologia , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Antropometria , Feminino , Hospitais Gerais/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Avaliação Nutricional , Estado Nutricional , Prevalência
4.
Nutr. hosp ; 34(6): 1390-1398, nov.-dic. 2017. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-168980

RESUMO

Objetivo: nuestro objetivo principal ha sido evaluar y cuantificar la prevalencia de desnutrición al ingreso, su grado de severidad y su correlación con parámetros nutricionales en un hospital general básico de primer nivel. Métodos: estudio observacional, transversal y aleatorio sobre 244 pacientes (59,8% hombres y 40,2% mujeres), realizado durante las primeras 24 horas del ingreso hospitalario y con una valoración nutricional que incluyó cribado nutricional (CONUT®), parámetros antropométricos, otros parámetros analíticos y una cuantificación de la estancia hospitalaria. Resultados: el 60,7% de la muestra presenta al ingreso algún criterio de desnutrición (antropométrico y/o analítico). Cuando se han considerado al menos dos parámetros nutricionales alterados (uno de ellos de tipo analítico), la prevalencia ha sido del 29,1%. La prealbúmina y la transferrina se han mostrado especialmente sensibles frente a la desnutrición moderada-grave y leve respectivamente. CONUT® ha detectado riesgo nutricional de carácter leve en el 39,8%. Los pacientes desnutridos tienen una estancia más prolongada, que es estadísticamente significativa en los oncológicos frente a los no oncológicos. Conclusiones: los parámetros antropométricos, por sí solos, pueden generar algún grado de controversia sobre la prevalencia de la desnutrición, por lo que se considera adecuado utilizar dos parámetros, al menos uno de tipo analítico. La prealbúmina se nos presenta como el indicador más sensible y específico y el CONUT®, como una herramienta fácil, rápida y económica para el cribado nutricional. Para mitigar en gran medida la desnutrición al ingreso hospitalario, objetivo del estudio, sería acertado potenciar su cribado y tratamiento desde Atención Primaria (AU)


Objective: The main objective has been to evaluate and quantify the prevalence of malnutrition at admission, the degree of severity and the correlation with the nutritional parameters in a basic general hospital of the first level. Methods: Observational, transverse, and randomized study of 244 patients (59.8% male and 40.2% female) performed during the first 24 hours of hospital admission and with a nutritional assessment including nutritional screening (CONUT®), anthropometric parameters, other analytical parameters and a quantification of hospital stay. Results: In this study, 60.7% of the sample has at least one criterion of malnutrition (anthropometric and/or analytical). When considering at least two altered nutritional parameters (one of them analytical type), the prevalence was 29.1%. Prealbumin and transferrin have been shown to be particularly sensitive to moderate to severe and mild malnutrition, respectively. CONUT® has detected nutritional risk of a mild nature in 39.8%. Malnourished patients have a longer stay, and are statistically significant in oncological versus non-oncological patients. Conclusions: Anthropometric parameters, on their own, can generate some degree of controversy over the prevalence of malnutrition, so it is considered as appropriate to use two parameters, at least one of an analytical type. Prealbumin is the most sensitive and specific indicator, and CONUT® is an easy, quick and economical tool for nutritional screening. In order to greatly alleviate malnutrition at hospital admission, the objective of the study, it would be wise to strengthen its screening and treatment from Primary Health Care (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Hospitalização/estatística & dados numéricos , Desnutrição/epidemiologia , Valor Nutritivo/fisiologia , Avaliação Nutricional , Atenção Primária à Saúde , Hospitais Gerais , Estudos Transversais/métodos , Tempo de Internação/estatística & dados numéricos , Antropometria/métodos , 28599
5.
Nutr Hosp ; 33(6): 1276-1282, 2016 Nov 29.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28000453

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Critically ill patients typically develop a catabolic stress state as a result of a systemic inflammatory response (SIRS) that alters clinical-nutritional biomarkers, increasing energy demands and nutritional requirements. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the status of albumin, prealbumin and transferrin in critically ill patients and the association between these clinical-nutritional parameters with the severity during a seven day stay in intensive care unit (ICU). METHOD: Multicenter, prospective, observational and analytical follow-up study. A total of 115 subjects in critical condition were included in this study. Clinical and nutritional parameters and severity were monitored at admission and at the seventh day of the ICU stay. RESULTS: A significant decrease in APACHE II and SOFA (p < 0.05) throughout the evolution of critically ill patients in ICU. In general, patients showed an alteration of most of the parameters analyzed. The status of albumin, prealbumin and transferrin were below reference levels both at admission and the 7th day in ICU. A high percentage of patients presented an unbalanced status of albumin (71.3%), prealbumin (84.3%) and transferrin (69.0%). At admission, 27% to 47% of patients with altered protein parameters had APACHE II above 18. The number of patients with altered protein parameters and APACHE II below 18 were significantly higher than severe ones throughout the ICU stay (p < 0.01). Regarding the multivariate analysis, low prealbumin status was the best predictor of severity critical (p < 0.05) both at admission and 7th day of the ICU stay. CONCLUSION: The results of the present study support the idea of including low prealbumin status as a severity predictor in APACHE II scale, due to the association found between severity and poor status of prealbumin.


Assuntos
Biomarcadores/análise , Estado Terminal , Proteínas/análise , Síndrome de Resposta Inflamatória Sistêmica/diagnóstico , APACHE , Idoso , Albuminas/análise , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Tempo de Internação , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pré-Albumina/análise , Prognóstico , Estudos Prospectivos , Transferrina/análise
6.
Nutr. hosp ; 33(6): 1276-1282, nov.-dic. 2016. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-159803

RESUMO

Introduction: Critically ill patients typically develop a catabolic stress state as a result of a systemic inflammatory response (SIRS) that alters clinical-nutritional biomarkers, increasing energy demands and nutritional requirements. Objective: To evaluate the status of albumin, prealbumin and transferrin in critically ill patients and the association between these clinical-nutritional parameters with the severity during a seven day stay in intensive care unit (ICU). Method: Multicenter, prospective, observational and analytical follow-up study. A total of 115 subjects in critical condition were included in this study. Clinical and nutritional parameters and severity were monitored at admission and at the seventh day of the ICU stay. Results: A significant decrease in APACHE II and SOFA (p < 0.05) throughout the evolution of critically ill patients in ICU. In general, patients showed an alteration of most of the parameters analyzed. The status of albumin, prealbumin and transferrin were below reference levels both at admission and the 7th day in ICU. A high percentage of patients presented an unbalanced status of albumin (71.3%), prealbumin (84.3%) and transferrin (69.0%). At admission, 27% to 47% of patients with altered protein parameters had APACHE II above 18. The number of patients with altered protein parameters and APACHE II below 18 were significantly higher than severe ones throughout the ICU stay (p < 0.01). Regarding the multivariate analysis, low prealbumin status was the best predictor of severity critical (p < 0.05) both at admission and 7th day of the ICU stay. Conclusion: The results of the present study support the idea of including low prealbumin status as a severity predictor in APACHE II scale, due to the association found between severity and poor status of prealbumin (AU)


Antecedentes: los pacientes críticos suelen desarrollar un estado de estrés catabólico que se traduce en una respuesta inflamatoria sistémica (RIS) que altera los biomarcadores clínico-nutricionales, aumentando las necesidades de nutrientes y de energía. Objetivo: evaluar el estatus de albúmina, prealbúmina y transferrina en pacientes críticamente enfermos y la asociación entre estos parámetros clínico-nutricionales con la severidad del paciente durante siete días de estancia en la unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI). Método: estudio multicéntrico, de seguimiento, prospectivo, observacional y analítico. Un total de 115 sujetos en estado crítico fueron incluidos en el estudio. Los parámetros clínico-nutricionales y la gravedad clínica fueron controlados al ingreso y al séptimo día de estancia en UCI. Resultados: una disminución significativa en la gravedad del paciente (p < 0.05) fue registrada a lo largo de la evolución de la estancia en la UCI. En general, los pacientes mostraron una alteración de la mayoría de los parámetros analizados. El estatus de albúmina, prealbúmina y transferrina se situaron por debajo de los niveles de referencia tanto en la admisión como a los 7 días en UCI. Un alto porcentaje de pacientes presentó una alteración de los niveles de albúmina (71.3%), prealbúmina (84.3%) y transferrina (69.0%). Al ingreso, entre el 27 y 47 por ciento de pacientes con parámetros proteicos alterados presentaron un APACHE II por encima de 18. Los pacientes con parámetros proteicos alterados y APACHE II por debajo de 18 fueron significativamente más altos que los más graves y aumentaron a lo largo de la estancia en UCI (p < 0.01). En cuanto al análisis multivariado, niveles bajos de prealbúmina fueron el mejor predictor de severidad crítica (p < 0.05) tanto en la admisión como a los 7 días de estancia en la UCI. Conclusión: los resultados del presente estudio apoyan la idea de incluir la prealbúmina como predictor de la gravedad dentro de la escala APACHE II debido a la asociación encontrada entre la gravedad y un estatus pobre de prealbúmina (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Síndrome de Resposta Inflamatória Sistêmica/complicações , Albumina Sérica/análise , Pré-Albumina/análise , Transferrina/análise , APACHE , Estado Nutricional , Estudos Prospectivos , Cuidados Críticos/métodos , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Biomarcadores/análise
7.
Nutr Hosp ; 32(6): 2848-54, 2015 Dec 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26667743

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: trauma and severe infections cause remarkable metabolic changes in patient with SIRS from an adaptive response aimed to control the underlying disease, repairing damaged tissue, and to synthesize substrates. If the attack is intense and sustained and the patient has a compromised nutritional status, can evolve into multiple organ failure and death. OBJECTIVE: assessment of nutritional proteic status and the involvement of proteins and inflammatory factors in critically ill patients. METHOD: multicenter observational analytical study in critical ill patients at the admission in ICU. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: patients showed disturbances in clinical nutritional parameters which confirm their hypercatabolic situation, showing malnutrition state at admission, where 42.9% had plasma levels below the reference prealbumin. Amino acid profile was situated below the reference values and 99% of patients had low plasma transferrin. Significant differences were observed in total protein, ferritin and transferrin parameters adjusted by CRP levels, being higher when patients presented high inflammation in the case of ferritin and the opposite for the rest of parameters. Adjusting APACHE and SOFA scores according to low, medium and high severity, results showed significant differences in creatinine, urea, and transferrin, being lower at high severity grade for the last one. CONCLUSION: critical illness is characterized by a high degree of stress and accelerated degradation of proteins that cause malnutrition, systemic inflammation and organ dysfunction, with a significant association between albumin, ferritin and transferrin.


Antecedentes: el trauma y las infecciones severas causan cambios metabólicos notables en los pacientes con SRIS como una respuesta adaptativa dirigida a controlar la enfermedad subyacente, la reparación del tejido dañado y para sintetizar sustratos. Si el ataque es intenso y sostenido y el paciente tiene un estado nutricional comprometido puede evolucionar a insuficiencia orgánica múltiple y muerte. Objetivo: evaluación del estado nutricional proteico y la participación de las proteínas y los factores inflamatorios en pacientes críticamente enfermos. Método: estudio analítico observacional multicéntrico en pacientes enfermos críticos en la admisión en la UCI. Resultados y discusión: los pacientes mostraron alteraciones en los parámetros nutricionales clínicos que confirman su situación hipercatabólica, mostrando malnutrición a la admisión en UCI, donde el 42,9% tenían niveles plasmáticos de prealbúmina por debajo de la referencia. Los aminoácidos se encuentran por debajo de los valores de referencia y el 99% de los pacientes presentaron bajos niveles plasmáticos de transferrina. Se observaron diferencias significativas en los niveles de proteína total, ferritina y transferrina ajustados por los niveles de PCR, siendo mayor cuando los pacientes presentaron altos valores de inflamación, en el caso de la ferritina, y lo opuesto para el resto de parámetros. Al estratificar por las puntuaciones APACHE y SOFA de acuerdo a la gravedad baja, media y alta, los resultados mostraron diferencias significativas en creatinina, urea y transferrina, siendo menor cuanto mayor era el grado de severidad para la transferrina. Conclusión: la enfermedad crítica se caracteriza por un alto grado de estrés y la degradación acelerada de proteínas que causan malnutrición, inflamación sistémica y la disfunción de órganos, con una asociación significativa entre albúmina, ferritina y transferrina.


Assuntos
Estado Terminal , Proteínas/metabolismo , Síndrome de Resposta Inflamatória Sistêmica/metabolismo , APACHE , Idoso , Aminoácidos/metabolismo , Feminino , Humanos , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Avaliação Nutricional , Estado Nutricional , Admissão do Paciente , Estudos Prospectivos
8.
Nutr. hosp ; 32(6): 2848-2854, dic. 2015. tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-146153

RESUMO

Background: trauma and severe infections cause remarkable metabolic changes in patient with SIRS from an adaptive response aimed to control the underlying disease, repairing damaged tissue, and to synthesize substrates. If the attack is intense and sustained and the patient has a compromised nutritional status, can evolve into multiple organ failure and death. Objective: assessment of nutritional proteic status and the involvement of proteins and inflammatory factors in critically ill patients. Method: multicenter observational analytical study in critical ill patients at the admission in ICU. Results and discussion: patients showed disturbances in clinical nutritional parameters which confirm their hypercatabolic situation, showing malnutrition state at admission, where 42.9% had plasma levels below the reference prealbumin. Amino acid profile was situated below the reference values and 99% of patients had low plasma transferrin. Significant differences were observed in total protein, ferritin and transferrin parameters adjusted by CRP levels, being higher when patients presented high inflammation in the case of ferritin and the opposite for the rest of parameters. Adjusting APACHE and SOFA scores according to low, medium and high severity, results showed significant differences in creatinine, urea, and transferrin, being lower at high severity grade for the last one. Conclusion: critical illness is characterized by a high degree of stress and accelerated degradation of proteins that cause malnutrition, systemic inflammation and organ dysfunction, with a significant association between albumin, ferritin and transferrin (AU)


Antecedentes: el trauma y las infecciones severas causan cambios metabólicos notables en los pacientes con SRIS como una respuesta adaptativa dirigida a controlar la enfermedad subyacente, la reparación del tejido dañado y para sintetizar sustratos. Si el ataque es intenso y sostenido y el paciente tiene un estado nutricional comprometido puede evolucionar a insuficiencia orgánica múltiple y muerte. Objetivo: evaluación del estado nutricional proteico y la participación de las proteínas y los factores inflamatorios en pacientes críticamente enfermos. Método: estudio analítico observacional multicéntrico en pacientes enfermos críticos en la admisión en la UCI. Resultados y discusión: los pacientes mostraron alteraciones en los parámetros nutricionales clínicos que confirman su situación hipercatabólica, mostrando malnutrición a la admisión en UCI, donde el 42,9% tenían niveles plasmáticos de prealbúmina por debajo de la referencia. Los aminoácidos se encuentran por debajo de los valores de referencia y el 99% de los pacientes presentaron bajos niveles plasmáticos de transferrina. Se observaron diferencias significativas en los niveles de proteína total, ferritina y transferrina ajustados por los niveles de PCR, siendo mayor cuando los pacientes presentaron altos valores de inflamación, en el caso de la ferritina, y lo opuesto para el resto de parámetros. Al estratificar por las puntuaciones APACHE y SOFA de acuerdo a la gravedad baja, media y alta, los resultados mostraron diferencias significativas en creatinina, urea y transferrina, siendo menor cuanto mayor era el grado de severidad para la transferrina. Conclusión: la enfermedad crítica se caracteriza por un alto grado de estrés y la degradación acelerada de proteínas que causan malnutrición, inflamación sistémica y la disfunción de órganos, con una asociación significativa entre albúmina, ferritina y transferrina (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Doenças Metabólicas/epidemiologia , Estado Terminal , Síndrome de Resposta Inflamatória Sistêmica/fisiopatologia , Aminoácidos/metabolismo , Cuidados Críticos/métodos , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva/estatística & dados numéricos , Transferrina/análise , Albuminas/análise , Ferritinas/análise , Enteropatias Perdedoras de Proteínas/epidemiologia
9.
Crit Care ; 19: 390, 2015 Nov 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26549276

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Although standard enteral nutrition is universally accepted, the use of disease-specific formulas for hyperglycemic patients is still controversial. This study examines whether a high-protein diabetes-specific formula reduces insulin needs, improves glycemic control and reduces ICU-acquired infection in critically ill, hyperglycemic patients on mechanical ventilation (MV). METHODS: This was a prospective, open-label, randomized (web-based, blinded) study conducted at nine Spanish ICUs. The patient groups established according to the high-protein formula received were: group A, new-generation diabetes-specific formula; group B, standard control formula; group C, control diabetes-specific formula. Inclusion criteria were: expected enteral nutrition ≥5 days, MV, baseline glucose >126 mg/dL on admission or >200 mg/dL in the first 48 h. Exclusion criteria were: APACHE II ≤10, insulin-dependent diabetes, renal or hepatic failure, treatment with corticosteroids, immunosuppressants or lipid-lowering drugs and body mass index ≥40 kg/m(2). The targeted glucose level was 110-150 mg/dL. Glycemic variability was calculated as the standard deviation, glycemic lability index and coefficient of variation. Acquired infections were recorded using published consensus criteria for critically ill patients. Data analysis was on an intention-to-treat basis. RESULTS: Over a 2-year period, 157 patients were consecutively enrolled (A 52, B 53 and C 52). Compared with the standard control formula, the new formula gave rise to lower insulin requirement (19.1 ± 13.1 vs. 23.7 ± 40.1 IU/day, p <0.05), plasma glucose (138.6 ± 39.1 vs. 146.1 ± 49.9 mg/dL, p <0.01) and capillary blood glucose (146.1 ± 45.8 vs. 155.3 ± 63.6 mg/dL, p <0.001). Compared with the control diabetes-specific formula, only capillary glucose levels were significantly reduced (146.1 ± 45.8 vs. 150.1 ± 41.9, p <0.01). Both specific formulas reduced capillary glucose on ICU day 1 (p <0.01), glucose variability in the first week (p <0.05), and incidences of ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis (p <0.01) or pneumonia (p <0.05) compared with the standard formula. No effects of the nutrition formula were produced on hospital stay or mortality. CONCLUSIONS: In these high-risk ICU patients, both diabetes-specific formulas lowered insulin requirements, improved glycemic control and reduced the risk of acquired infections relative to the standard formula. Compared with the control-specific formula, the new-generation formula also improved capillary glycemia. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT1233726 .


Assuntos
Estado Terminal/terapia , Diabetes Mellitus/dietoterapia , Nutrição Enteral/métodos , Hiperglicemia/tratamento farmacológico , Estado Nutricional/efeitos dos fármacos , Adulto , Idoso , Glicemia/análise , Glicemia/efeitos dos fármacos , Estado Terminal/enfermagem , Diabetes Mellitus/tratamento farmacológico , Nutrição Enteral/enfermagem , Feminino , Índice Glicêmico/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Insulina/administração & dosagem , Insulina/uso terapêutico , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos
10.
Nutr Hosp ; 32(1): 389-93, 2015 Jul 01.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26262744

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: one of the methods of diagnosis of malnutrition is serum albumin, for the simplicity of its determination and low cost. OBJECTIVES: the main objective is to validate and implement a computer program based on the determination of serum albumin, allowing early detection and treatment to malnourished or at risk of malnutrition patients, still another objective evaluation of costs by diagnosis-related groups. METHODS: the study design is cohort, dynamic and prospective, which are included hospital discharge from november 2012 until march 2014, being the study population of patients over age 14 who enter the various services of a Medical Surgical Hospital of the Granada's Hospital Complex Univesity, whose numbers are lower serum albumin 3.5 g/dL, for a total of 307 patients. RESULTS: of the 307 patients, 141 are malnourished (program sensitivity: 45.9%). 54.7% of patients were male and 45.3% female. The mean age of 65.68 years. The median length of stay is 16 days. 13.4% of patients have died. The average cost of GRD is € 5 958.30 and said average cost after detecting malnutrition is € 11 376.48. CONCLUSIONS: the algorithm that implements the software identifies nearly half of patients hospitalized malnourished. It is essential to record the diagnosis of malnutrition.


Introducción: uno de los métodos de diagnóstico de la desnutrición es la albúmina sérica, por la sencillez de su determinación y bajo coste. Objetivos: el objetivo principal es validar e implementar un programa informático, basado en la determinación de albúmina sérica, que permita detectar y tratar precozmente a los pacientes desnutridos o en riesgo de desnutrición, siendo otro objetivo la evaluación de costes por grupos relacionados por el diagnóstico. Métodos: el diseño del estudio es de tipo cohorte, dinámico y prospectivo, en el que se han incluido las altas hospitalarias desde noviembre del año 2012 hasta marzo del año 2014, siendo la población de estudio los pacientes mayores de 14 años que ingresen en los diversos servicios de un Hospital Médico Quirúrgico del Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, cuyas cifras de albúmina sérica sean menores de 3,5 g/dL, siendo el total de 307 pacientes. Resultados: de los 307 pacientes, 141 presentan desnutrición (sensibilidad del programa: 45,9%). El 54,7% de los pacientes son hombres y el 45,3% mujeres. La edad media es de 65,68 años. La mediana de la estancia es de 16 días. El 13,4% de los pacientes han fallecido. El coste medio de los GRD es de 5.958,30 € y dicho coste medio después de detectar la desnutrición es de 11.376,48 €. Conclusiones: el algoritmo que implementa el programa informático identifica a casi la mitad de los pacientes hospitalizados desnutridos. Es fundamental registrar el diagnóstico de desnutrición.


Assuntos
Custos Hospitalares , Hospitalização , Desnutrição/diagnóstico , Desnutrição/epidemiologia , Software , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Algoritmos , Feminino , Custos de Cuidados de Saúde , Humanos , Masculino , Desnutrição/mortalidade , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Avaliação Nutricional , Estudos Prospectivos , Espanha/epidemiologia
11.
Nutr. hosp ; 32(1): 389-393, jul. 2015. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-141384

RESUMO

Introducción: uno de los métodos de diagnóstico de la desnutrición es la albúmina sérica, por la sencillez de su determinación y bajo coste. Objetivos: el objetivo principal es validar e implementar un programa informático, basado en la determinación de albúmina sérica, que permita detectar y tratar precozmente a los pacientes desnutridos o en riesgo de desnutrición, siendo otro objetivo la evaluación de costes por grupos relacionados por el diagnóstico. Métodos: el diseño del estudio es de tipo cohorte, dinámico y prospectivo, en el que se han incluido las altas hospitalarias desde noviembre del año 2012 hasta marzo del año 2014, siendo la población de estudio los pacientes mayores de 14 años que ingresen en los diversos servicios de un Hospital Médico Quirúrgico del Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, cuyas cifras de albú- mina sérica sean menores de 3,5 g/dL, siendo el total de 307 pacientes. Resultados: de los 307 pacientes, 141 presentan desnutrición (sensibilidad del programa: 45,9%). El 54,7% de los pacientes son hombres y el 45,3% mujeres. La edad media es de 65,68 años. La mediana de la estancia es de 16 días. El 13,4% de los pacientes han fallecido. El coste medio de los GRD es de 5.958,30€ y dicho coste medio después de detectar la desnutrición es de 11.376,48€. Conclusiones: el algoritmo que implementa el programa informático identifica a casi la mitad de los pacientes hospitalizados desnutridos. Es fundamental registrar el diagnóstico de desnutrición (AU)


Background: one of the methods of diagnosis of malnutrition is serum albumin, for the simplicity of its determination and low cost. Objectives: the main objective is to validate and implement a computer program based on the determination of serum albumin, allowing early detection and treatment to malnourished or at risk of malnutrition patients, still another objective evaluation of costs by diagnosis-related groups. Methods: the study design is cohort, dynamic and prospective, which are included hospital discharge from november 2012 until march 2014, being the study population of patients over age 14 who enter the various services of a Medical Surgical Hospital of the Granada´s Hospital Complex Univesity, whose numbers are lower serum albumin 3.5 g/dL, for a total of 307 patients. Results: of the 307 patients, 141 are malnourished (program sensitivity: 45.9%). 54.7% of patients were male and 45.3% female. The mean age of 65.68 years. The median length of stay is 16 days. 13.4% of patients have died. The average cost of GRD is €5 958.30 and said average cost after detecting malnutrition is €11376.48. Conclusions: the algorithm that implements the software identifies nearly half of patients hospitalized malnourished. It is essential to record the diagnosis of malnutrition (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Diagnóstico por Computador/métodos , Desnutrição/diagnóstico , Hospitalização/estatística & dados numéricos , Custos de Cuidados de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Diagnóstico Precoce , Grupos Diagnósticos Relacionados
12.
Nutr. hosp ; 28(4): 1274-1279, jul.-ago. 2013. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-120309

RESUMO

Introducción: La desnutrición constituye uno de los principales problemas de Salud Pública, según datos de la OMS, es la primera causa de mortalidad, cuando la misma afecta al colectivo de los sujetos hospitalizados, toma entidad propia denominándose “desnutrición hospitalaria”. Objetivos: El objetivo general es cuantificar los diagnósticos principales de alta más frecuentes, que causan exitus, con el diagnóstico secundario de desnutrición. Métodos: Se trata de un estudio transversal y descriptivo, en el que se han incluido todas las altas hospitalarias del año 2011 y primer semestre de 2012, que han sido exitus y que tienen como diagnóstico secundario la desnutrición, siendo el total de 33. Se ha realizado un análisis estadístico descriptivo, efectuándose el test de Mann-Whitney para pruebas no paramétricas (p < 0,05). Resultados: Los diagnósticos principales más frecuentes entre las 33 altas analizadas son la sepsis (12,1%), metástasis hepáticas (9,1%), neumonía (6,1%), insuficiencia respiratoria aguda (6,1%) e insuficiencia renal aguda (6,1%). Conclusiones: Aunque el diagnóstico principal más frecuente es la sepsis, al agrupar los diagnósticos, el GRD más frecuente es de patología respiratoria, por lo que se ha de hacer codificación exhaustiva y de calidad para ajustar el peso relativo de los mismos a la realidad. Es fundamental especificar en la fuente de información clínica utilizada para la codificación, el grado de desnutrición, para obtener mayor especificidad en los datos (AU)


BACKGROUND: Malnutrition is a major public health problems, according to WHO, is the leading cause of death, when it affects the group of hospitalized patients, making denominating separate entity "hospital malnutrition". OBJECTIVES: The overall objective is to quantify the main diagnoses frequently high, causing exitus, with secondary diagnosis of malnutrition. METHODS: This is a descriptive study, which included all hospital discharges in 2011 and first half of 2012, which have been exitus and whose secondary diagnosis of malnutrition, with the total of 33. We performed a descriptive analysis, effected the Mann-Whitney nonparametric test (p < 0.05).RESULTS: The most frequent main diagnoses among 33 analyzed are high sepsis (12.1%), liver metastases (9.1%), pneumonia (6.1%), acute respiratory failure (6.1%) and renal acute renal (6.1%).CONCLUSIONS: Although the most frequent primary diagnosis of sepsis, by grouping the diagnoses, the most frequent DRG is respiratory disease, so it has to make comprehensive and quality coding to adjust the relative weight of the same reality. It is essential to specify the source of clinical information used for coding, the degree of malnutrition, for greater specificity in the data (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Mortalidade Hospitalar , Desnutrição/epidemiologia , /estatística & dados numéricos , Grupos Diagnósticos Relacionados/estatística & dados numéricos , Causas de Morte
13.
Nutr Hosp ; 28(4): 1274-9, 2013.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23889652

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Malnutrition is a major public health problems, according to WHO, is the leading cause of death, when it affects the group of hospitalized patients, making denominating separate entity "hospital malnutrition". OBJECTIVES: The overall objective is to quantify the main diagnoses frequently high, causing exitus, with secondary diagnosis of malnutrition. METHODS: This is a descriptive study, which included all hospital discharges in 2011 and first half of 2012, which have been exitus and whose secondary diagnosis of malnutrition, with the total of 33. We performed a descriptive analysis, effected the Mann-Whitney nonparametric test (p < 0.05). RESULTS: The most frequent main diagnoses among 33 analyzed are high sepsis (12.1%), liver metastases (9.1%), pneumonia (6.1%), acute respiratory failure (6.1%) and renal acute renal (6.1%). CONCLUSIONS: Although the most frequent primary diagnosis of sepsis, by grouping the diagnoses, the most frequent DRG is respiratory disease, so it has to make comprehensive and quality coding to adjust the relative weight of the same reality. It is essential to specify the source of clinical information used for coding, the degree of malnutrition, for greater specificity in the data.


Introducción: La desnutrición constituye uno de los principales problemas de Salud Pública, según datos de la OMS, es la primera causa de mortalidad, cuando la misma afecta al colectivo de los sujetos hospitalizados, toma entidad propia denominándose "desnutrición hospitalaria". Objetivos: El objetivo general es cuantificar los diagnósticos principales de alta más frecuentes, que causan exitus, con el diagnóstico secundario de desnutrición. Métodos: Se trata de un estudio transversal y descriptivo, en el que se han incluido todas las altas hospitalarias del año 2011 y primer semestre de 2012, que han sido exitus y que tienen como diagnóstico secundario la desnutrición, siendo el total de 33. Se ha realizado un análisis estadístico descriptivo, efectuándose el test de Mann-Whitney para pruebas no paramétricas (p < 0,05). Resultados: Los diagnósticos principales más frecuentes entre las 33 altas analizadas son la sepsis (12,1%), metástasis hepáticas (9,1%), neumonía (6,1%), insuficiencia respiratoria aguda (6,1%) e insuficiencia renal aguda (6,1%). Conclusiones: Aunque el diagnóstico principal más frecuente es la sepsis, al agrupar los diagnósticos, el GRD más frecuente es de patología respiratoria, por lo que se ha de hacer codificación exhaustiva y de calidad para ajustar el peso relativo de los mismos a la realidad. Es fundamental especificar en la fuente de información clínica utilizada para la codificación, el grado de desnutrición, para obtener mayor especificidad en los datos.


Assuntos
Desnutrição/mortalidade , Centros de Atenção Terciária/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Desnutrição/diagnóstico , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Alta do Paciente , Sepse/complicações , Sepse/mortalidade , Espanha
14.
Med Clin (Barc) ; 132(10): 377-84, 2009 Mar 21.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19268323

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: In hospitalized patients, malnutrition ranges between 30% and 55% and is associated with a higher rate of complications, prolonged hospitalization and increased cost of health services. Despite this, there is no awareness of the clinical and economic implications involving hospital malnutrition and its treatment. We analyzed the relationship between hospital malnutrition, average length of stay and early readmissions. MATERIAL AND METHODS: It is a prospective and dynamic cohort study, in which patients were observed from the time of their admission and throughout their hospitalization on a weekly basis. The selection was carried out using a systematic random method. Patients were all older than 18 and admitted to the services with an average stay 5 days. It was decided that a patient had malnutrition when some anthropometric (biceps circumference, tricipital, abdominal and subscapular skinfold thickness) or biochemical (albumin, prealbumin, and transferrin) parameter was below normal values. Early readmission was defined as a patient's return to hospital in a period < 31 days from the last date of discharge. Hospital entries were classified in relation to the average stay (hospital and services) and we analyzed the stays below and the stays above the average expected. Results have been expressed in average and standard deviation (X +/- SD) and frequency (%). Intergroup comparisons by Student's t test and chi(2), remain significant to P < .05. The risk and confidence intervals (CI) were applied to malnourished cohorts, with a significance level of 95%. RESULTS: The study included 817 patients (50.9 +/- 18.5 years), 62.9% men and 37.1% women. 45.9% (n = 375) of patients were malnourished, and malnutrition was most common in those with digestive diseases (22.5%), neoplasm (20.8%), circulatory (16.5%) and respiratory pathologies (11.6%). The average stay (hospital and services) and the premature readmission rate were higher in patients admitted to hospital with malnutrition. CONCLUSIONS: Nearly half of the patients presented some degree of malnutrition when they were admitted, increasing hospital stay and premature readmission rate. The high prevalence and incidence of malnutrition requires suggestions to develop mechanisms to determine its real scope and programs to solve it.


Assuntos
Tempo de Internação/estatística & dados numéricos , Desnutrição/epidemiologia , Readmissão do Paciente/estatística & dados numéricos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Estudos Prospectivos
15.
Med. clín (Ed. impr.) ; 132(10): 377-384, mar. 2009. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-60604

RESUMO

Fundamento y objetivo: en los sujetos hospitalizados, la desnutrición oscila entre el 30 y el 55%, y se asocia a una mayor tasa de complicaciones, prolongación de la hospitalización e incremento del coste de los servicios sanitarios. A pesar de esto, no se tiene consciencia clara de las implicaciones clínicas y económicas que comportan la desnutrición hospitalaria y su tratamiento. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar la relación entre desnutrición hospitalaria, estancia media (EM) y reingresos prematuros. Material y métodos: se trata de un estudio de cohortes, prospectivo y dinámico, en el que se realizó un seguimiento semanal de los sujetos desde su ingreso y durante la hospitalización. La selección se realizó mediante un método sistemático y aleatorizado. Se incluyó a personas mayores de 18 años que ingresaron en los servicios, con EM de 5 o más días. Se ha considerado que un sujeto presentaba desnutrición cuando algún parámetro antropométrico (perímetro braquial y pliegues cutáneos tricipital, abdominal y subescapular) o bioquímico (albúmina, prealbúmina y transferrina) estaba por debajo de los valores considerados normales. Se definió como reingreso prematuro al hecho de que un sujeto volviera a ingresar en un período igual o menor de 31 días desde la última fecha de alta. Las altas hospitalarias se clasificaron en relación con la EM (hospitalaria y por servicios) en estancia inferior y estancia superior a la media esperada. Los resultados se han expresado en media y desviación estándar y en frecuencias (%). Se realizaron comparaciones intergrupales mediante el test de la t de Student y la prueba de χ2, y los resultados fueron significativos para p<0,05. El riesgo relativo y los intervalos de confianza se aplicaron para la cohorte ®desnutrido», con nivel de significación del 95%.Resultadosse incluyó a 817 sujetos (edad media de 50,9±18,5 años); los varones representaron el 62,9%, y las mujeres el 37,1% (...) (AU)


Background and objective: In hospitalized patients, malnutrition ranges between 30% and 55% and is associated with a higher rate of complications, prolonged hospitalization and increased cost of health services. Despite this, there is no awareness of the clinical and economic implications involving hospital malnutrition and its treatment. We analyzed the relationship between hospital malnutrition, average length of stay and early readmissions. Material and methods: It is a prospective and dynamic cohort study, in which patients were observed from the time of their admission and throughout their hospitalization on a weekly basis. The selection was carried out using a systematic random method. Patients were all older than 18 and admitted to the services with an average stay ≥5 days. It was decided that a patient had malnutrition when some anthropometric (biceps circumference, tricipital, abdominal and subscapular skinfold thickness) or biochemical (albumin, prealbumin, and transferrin) parameter was below normal values. Early readmission was defined as a patient's return to hospital in a period<31 days from the last date of discharge. Hospital entries were classified in relation to the average stay (hospital and services) and we analyzed the stays below and the stays above the average expected. Results: have been expressed in average and standard deviation (X±SD) and frequency (%). Intergroup comparisons by Student's t test and χ2, remain significant to P<.05. The risk and confidence intervals (CI) were applied to malnourished cohorts, with a significance level of 95%.ResultsThe study included 817 patients (50.9±18.5 years), 62.9% men and 37.1% women. 45.9% (n=375) of patients were malnourished, and malnutrition was most common in those with digestive diseases (22.5%), neoplasm (20.8%), circulatory (16.5%) and respiratory pathologies (11.6%) (...)(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Desnutrição/epidemiologia , /estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos Prospectivos , Readmissão do Paciente/estatística & dados numéricos , Distribuição por Idade e Sexo , Pacientes Internados/estatística & dados numéricos
16.
Med Clin (Barc) ; 123(6): 201-6, 2004 Jul 10.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15282072

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Malnutrition constitutes a serious problem of public health. We intended to know the prevalence of undernourishment in our hospital, as well as to assess the expenses generated by its presence. PATIENTS AND METHOD: A study of cohorts was designed to evaluate the nutritional state of randomly selected patients admitted to a third level hospital. We carried out a protocol of nutritional evaluation and quantified the associated costs including drugs, diet, and hospital stay according to diagnosis-related groups. RESULTS: In agreement with anthropometry and the index of corporal mass, the prevalence of malnutrition was 0.3% and 13.4%, respectively. When analyzing the biochemical markers, the prevalence rose to 65.7%. Patients with malnutrition at the time of admission underwent a 59.9% deterioration of their nutritional state. An increase of costs was observed in relation to the length of hospital stay (68.04% compared with normo-nourished patients). Costs related to consumption of medicines, especially antibiotics, were also higher, as well as costs related to nutritional support. CONCLUSIONS: Malnutrition is a phenomenon frequently observed in a hospital setting. Malnutrition associated costs are significant.


Assuntos
Custos de Cuidados de Saúde , Desnutrição/economia , Desnutrição/epidemiologia , Antropometria , Estudos de Coortes , Feminino , Hospitais Universitários/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Pacientes Internados , Masculino , Desnutrição/etiologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Avaliação Nutricional , Prevalência , Espanha/epidemiologia
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